Improvement in looms



' Jana mes @anni Afjfi'ti' MARION MCDONALD HANKINS, `Oll VANDALI, ILLINOIS. i Letters PatentNo. 70,837, dated .Noz/amber 12, 1867..

IMPROVEMENT 1N 'LooMa ein Sdganle referrer tu in itat Matas prima mit Mating straattheater.

To ALL wHoM rr MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that LMnnrorf McDoNALD HANKINs, of Vandalia, in the county ofFayette, and vState of. lIllinois, have invented certain new and. useful improvements on Hand-Looms, of which the following is a full,

clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, making part of this specifica-- tion, and in whichl i v v Figure l represents a front view of a hand-loom constructed according to my invention, a portion thereof being in section. l i

Figure 2, a vertical-section ofthe same in a plane or planes parallel to iig. 1, and a Figure 3 a'plan of the treadle-motion for operating the harness detached. l

.Similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts.

The natupreot my invention consists, firstly, in a novel combination of straps and rollers foroperating the pickers by the action of the lay; also-oi` springs or their equivalents, ,in combination with-picker-levers and lay of the loom, for'said purpose;A likewise, in such connection, a combination of levers and picker, connecting straps,rollers, pickers,'and check-straps to the latter; and said invention further consists in't novel combination of rods, levers, shaft, springs, and clutch for operating the treadles which give motion to `the harness; and, furthermore, "in a combination or novel arrangement of harness, suspension-roller, and pulleys, and straps for operation ofthe harness, as hereinafter described.

Referring to the accompanying drawing,-A is the lay, connected with which are pickerlevers B B, hung on fulcra as at a a. Attached to the lay are straps O C,f connectingvthe same with the picker-levers, said strapsbeing made fast atftheir one end to the inner ends ofthe picker-levers B B, and passed overa roller, D, carried by the lay,'from .thence roundv a roller, E, attached tc the breast-beam V, and back under the roller D, and made fast at their opposite ends to the lay. Rubber or other springs, F F, or their equivalents, connect the levers B B with the lay on the opposite sides ofthe fulcra a a, to which are arranged the straps C C, the object of which will be hereinafter referred to. H H are the pickers, attached by straps G G to the levers B B, said straps passing over pulleys h, and the pickers being further connectedv by check-straps'lf I to the ends of the shuttle-boxes. l l

The'operationoithisportion of the loom is-as follows: The 'loom is driven'by taking hold of the cap of the layA, which invit-loving backwards throws the shuttle by means of the levers B B, straps C C, and pickerstraps G G,.driving the pickers HH. The arrangement of the roller D, or its attachment to the lay, and of the roller E, or its attachment to the breast-beam V and-straps O C passingover said rollers, and from thence lbackto the lay`, secures or holds said straps, so that the backward motion of the lay gives, to the levers B B double the speed of the lay, which secures great ease and speed to the shuttlelin its throw. The springs F F serve, iirstly, to'hold the levers BB, so that the straps C C will have what may-be termed full pick on the levers B B; and, secondly, they assist the shuttle in driving back the pickers to the rear ends ofthe shuttle-boxes.

The pulleys b under the shuttle-boxes merely serve to keep the straps G G in place, while the check-straps Il,

.attached to the ends of the pickers and shuttle-boxes, answer to retainthe pickers to their range or extent of 'action in throw of the shuttle. Operated also by the layA, or the rocking-arms or levers which carry it, are rods J J', connecting the lay with levers K for giving a vibratory or oscillating movement toa shaft, L. This shaft carries an arm or lever, M, which has secured toits inner i'ace a spring, N, that is connected by a rod, O,

with a lever, l?, of a clutch', Q, a spring, R, serving to hold said lever and clutch in place, or latter in gear with the trcadle-roller T, that is restricted to motion in one direction, or from turning back, by a spring, U.

In the operation of this portion ot" thc loom lthe rods J J' communicate from the layr the necessarymotion yto the harness W, through' the shaft L, spring N, lever P, clutchQ, and treadlc-roller T. The spring N, to

which the rod O is attached, is introduced for the purpose of allowing the lay to move forwards after-the clutch Q is arrested by the lever P, striking a stop or pin, c',-that;in'sures a' proper motion to the treadle-roller, irrey spective of an excessive forward movement of thelay. The harness may be adjusted from one twill to another by'changing the position of the pins in the-treadle-roller that actuate the treadlesvSA S, as unnecessary here to describe. The harness W is suspended by cords passing over pulleys or blocks del d d, connected by straps Z Z Z Z to the harness-roller X, which is of Avarying coniiguration, being of larger *diameter where thestraps carrying the back harness are attached, for the purpose of giving `the latter the requisite motion t shed equally with the front harness.

The remaining details of the loom being common or well known, and 4not necessary here to describe in illustrationl of my improvement, no special reference will here be made to the same.

What I claim as new and useful herein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isi- 1. The combination of the straps C VC and rollers Dl E, for operation substantially as specified, to work the pickers bythe action of the lay.

2;' The arrangement of the picker-levers B B, constructed as described, springs F, or their equivalents, and

the lay, substantially as herein set forth.

3. In 'combination with'theflevcrs B B, the connecting-straps Gr G, rollers pickers H H, and cheek-straps I I, for operation with each other and/ the lay, as shown and described.

4. The means, substantially as herein described, for operating the' treadle-roller T, consisting'of rods J J,

lever K, shaft L, spring N, rod O, and clutch and lever Q P, essentially as specified.

MARION McDONALD 'I-IANKINS.

Witnesses MONTGOMERY HrcnMAN,

CHARLns y N. QLIvnn. 

